Publication Abstracts
Fowler et al. 2011
Fowler, D., G. Carmichael, W. Collins, J.C.I. Kuylenstierra, N.T.K. Oanh, F. Raes, V. Ramanathan, M. Schulz,
, E. Vignati, G. Beig, S. Guttikunda, H. Liao, and M. Rupakheti, 2011: Atmospheric processes, tropospheric ozone and black carbon concentrations, deposition and radiative forcing. In Integrated Assessment of Black Carbon and Tropospheric Ozone, United Nations Environment Programme and World Meteorological Organization, pp. 57-89.Black carbon particles and tropospheric O3 precursors, once emitted, are transported and subject to chemical transformations in the atmosphere and are subsequently removed by deposition to terrestrial and marine surfaces. This chapter examines the different atmospheric processes that regulate the concentrations, properties and fate of tropospheric O3 and BC. Current understanding of these pollutants is formalized within global chemistry-transport models, which are used to assess effects on climate, health and ecosystems in Chapter 4.
This chapter presents concentrations of particulate matter (PM) and O3 in the atmosphere and shows the degree to which they are captured by the models used for the Assessment. The direct warming effect of O3 is fairly straightforward, but complexity is introduced by the fact that O3 is created within the atmosphere from emitted precursor gases, so the warming needs to be associated with these precursors. This is important for the emission reduction strategies highlighted in Chapter 5. For BC, the effects on climate are complex due to the wide range of interactions between PM and the Earth's radiation balance.
This chapter also outlines the main processes, with a focus on BC, and provides links to the wider academic literature on the subject. Black carbon and O3 precursors are often co-emitted with other gases and particles. Understanding the effect of these co-emitted substances on warming, climate change and the composition and concentrations of air pollutants is important when evaluating measures to reduce emissions of BC and O3. Values for important parameters taken from the peer-reviewed literature and used in modelling or assessment of impacts are discussed.
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BibTeX Citation
@inbook{fo08000f, author={Fowler, D. and Carmichael, G. and Collins, W. and Kuylenstierra, J. C. I. and Oanh, N. T. K. and Raes, F. and Ramanathan, V. and Schulz, M. and Shindell, D. and Vignati, E. and Beig, G. and Guttikunda, S. and Liao, H. and Rupakheti, M.}, title={Atmospheric processes, tropospheric ozone and black carbon concentrations, deposition and radiative forcing}, booktitle={Integrated Assessment of Black Carbon and Tropospheric Ozone}, year={2011}, pages={57--89}, publisher={United Nations Environment Programme and World Meteorological Organization}, }
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RIS Citation
TY - CHAP ID - fo08000f AU - Fowler, D. AU - Carmichael, G. AU - Collins, W. AU - Kuylenstierra, J. C. I. AU - Oanh, N. T. K. AU - Raes, F. AU - Ramanathan, V. AU - Schulz, M. AU - Shindell, D. AU - Vignati, E. AU - Beig, G. AU - Guttikunda, S. AU - Liao, H. AU - Rupakheti, M. PY - 2011 TI - Atmospheric processes, tropospheric ozone and black carbon concentrations, deposition and radiative forcing BT - Integrated Assessment of Black Carbon and Tropospheric Ozone SP - 57 EP - 89 PB - United Nations Environment Programme and World Meteorological Organization ER -
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