Shindell 2009

Shindell, D.T., 2009: Maunder Minimum. In Encyclopedia of Paleoclimatology and Ancient Environments. V. Gornitz, Ed., Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series. Springer, pp. 550-551.

The Maunder Minimum refers to the period from about 1645 to 1715 during which very few sunspots were observed. When the sun is more active, there are a greater number of sunspots. The Maunder Minimum, with an extremely quiescent sun, is thought to have been a low point for solar output. This may have contributed to colder climate conditions over many regions of the Earth during this period.

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Shindell, D.T.: Maunder Minimum, in: Encyclopedia of Paleoclimatology and Ancient Environments, edited by Gornitz, V., Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series, 550-551, Springer, Dordrecht, the Netherlands, 2009.

Shindell, D.T. (2009), Maunder Minimum, in Encyclopedia of Paleoclimatology and Ancient Environments, Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series, edited by V. Gornitz, pp. 550-551, Springer, Dordrecht, the Netherlands.

Shindell, D.T., 2009: Maunder Minimum. In Encyclopedia of Paleoclimatology and Ancient Environments. V. Gornitz, Ed., Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series. Springer, pp. 550-551.

Shindell, D.T. 2009, in Encyclopedia of Paleoclimatology and Ancient Environments, ed. Gornitz, V., Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series, 550 (Dordrecht, the Netherlands: Springer).

Shindell DT. Maunder Minimum. In: Gornitz V, editor. Encyclopedia of Paleoclimatology and Ancient Environments, Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series, pp. 550-551. Dordrecht, the Netherlands: Springer; 2009.

D.T. Shindell, In Encyclopedia of Paleoclimatology and Ancient Environments, V. Gornitz, Ed. (Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series, Springer, Dordrecht, the Netherlands, 2009), pp. 550-551.