Canuto et al. 2008

Canuto, V.M., Y. Cheng, and A.M. Howard, 2008: A new model for Double Diffusion + Turbulence using a Reynolds stress model. Geophys. Res. Lett., 35, L02613, doi:10.1029/2007GL032580.

Available models of Double Diffusion (DD) processes (salt fingers, SF and Diffusive Convection, DC) are primarily based on laboratory experiments that do not include turbulence which is however always present in the ocean. A reliable DD model for use in OGCM (ocean global circulation models) is therefore still lacking and a true assessment of the role of oceanic DD is yet to be made. Here, we derive and validate a new model for DD+Turbulence using a second-order closure model which differs significantly from previous ones in that the ratios of the correlation times scales to the dissipation time scales, constant in previous models, now depend on Ri and R_rho, the key new feature needed to reproduce both laboratory (no shear) and oceanic (with shear) data. The model can therefore be used in OGCMs. The full mixing model includes mixed layer, internal gravity waves, DD and tides.

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Canuto, V.M., Cheng, Y., and Howard, A.M.: A new model for Double Diffusion + Turbulence using a Reynolds stress model, Geophys. Res. Lett., 35, L02613, doi:10.1029/2007GL032580, 2008.

Canuto, V.M., Y. Cheng, and A.M. Howard (2008), A new model for Double Diffusion + Turbulence using a Reynolds stress model, Geophys. Res. Lett., 35, L02613, doi:10.1029/2007GL032580.

Canuto, V.M., Y. Cheng, and A.M. Howard, 2008: A new model for Double Diffusion + Turbulence using a Reynolds stress model. Geophys. Res. Lett., 35, L02613, doi:10.1029/2007GL032580.

Canuto, V.M., Cheng, Y., & Howard, A.M. 2008, Geophys. Res. Lett., 35, L02613, doi:10.1029/2007GL032580.

Canuto VM, Cheng Y, Howard AM. A new model for Double Diffusion + Turbulence using a Reynolds stress model, Geophys Res Lett 2008;35:L02613. doi:10.1029/2007GL032580.

V.M. Canuto, Y. Cheng, A.M. Howard, Geophys. Res. Lett. 35, L02613, doi:10.1029/2007GL032580 (2008).