Bader et al. 2008
Bader, D.C., C. Covey, W.J. Gutkowski, Jr., I.M. Held, K.E. Kunkel, R.L. Miller, R.T. Tokmakian, and M.H. Zhang, 2008: Climate Models: An Assessment of Strengths and Limitations. U.S. Climate Change Science Program Synthesis and Assessment Product 3.1. Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, 124 pp.
Scientists extensively use mathematical models of Earth's climate, executed on the most powerful computers available, to examine hypotheses about past and present-day climates. Development of climate models is fully consistent with approaches being taken in many other fields of science dealing with very complex systems. These climate simulations provide a framework within which enhanced understanding of climate-relevant processes, along with improved observations, are merged into coherent projections of future climate change. This report describes the models and their ability to simulate current climate.
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Bader, D.C., Covey, C., Gutkowski, W.J., Jr., Held, I.M., Kunkel, K.E., Miller, R.L., Tokmakian, R.T., and Zhang, M.H.: Climate Models: An Assessment of Strengths and Limitations, U.S. Climate Change Science Program Synthesis and Assessment Product 3.1, Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, Washington, D.C., 2008.
Bader, D.C., C. Covey, W.J. Gutkowski, Jr., I.M. Held, K.E. Kunkel, R.L. Miller, R.T. Tokmakian, and M.H. Zhang (2008), Climate Models: An Assessment of Strengths and Limitations, U.S. Climate Change Science Program Synthesis and Assessment Product 3.1, 124 pp., Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, Washington, D.C.
Bader, D.C., C. Covey, W.J. Gutkowski, Jr., I.M. Held, K.E. Kunkel, R.L. Miller, R.T. Tokmakian, and M.H. Zhang, 2008: Climate Models: An Assessment of Strengths and Limitations. U.S. Climate Change Science Program Synthesis and Assessment Product 3.1. Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, 124 pp.
Bader, D.C., Covey, C., Gutkowski, W.J., Jr., Held, I.M., Kunkel, K.E., Miller, R.L., Tokmakian, R.T., & Zhang, M.H. 2008, Climate Models: An Assessment of Strengths and Limitations, U.S. Climate Change Science Program Synthesis and Assessment Product 3.1 ( (Washington, D.C.: Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Research).
Bader DC, Covey C, Gutkowski WJ Jr, Held IM, Kunkel KE, Miller RL, Tokmakian RT, Zhang MH. Climate Models: An Assessment of Strengths and Limitations. U.S. Climate Change Science Program Synthesis and Assessment Product 3.1, pp. 124. Washington, D.C.: Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Research; 2008.
D.C. Bader, C. Covey, W.J. Gutkowski, Jr., I.M. Held, K.E. Kunkel, R.L. Miller, R.T. Tokmakian, M.H. Zhang, Climate Models: An Assessment of Strengths and Limitations (U.S. Climate Change Science Program Synthesis and Assessment Product 3.1, Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, Washington, D.C., 2008).
