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ABSTRACT

Hillel 2005

Hillel, D., 2005: Water harvesting. In Encyclopedia of Soils in the Environment. D. Hillel, J.H. Hatfield, D.S. Powlson, C. Rosenzweig, K.M. Scow, M.J. Singer, and D.L. Sparks, Eds., vol. 4. Elsevier/Academic Press, pp. 264-270.

The term 'water harvesting' generally refers to the collection of rainstorm-generated runoff from a particular area (a catchment) in order to provide water for human, animal, or crop use. The water thus collected can either be utilized immediately, as for irrigation, or be stored in aboveground ponds or in subsurface reservoirs, such as cisterns or shallow aquifers, for subsequent utilization. As such, water harvesting is an ancient practice that has enabled some societies to subsist in semiarid and arid areas where other sources of fresh water (e.g., rivers, lakes, or aquifers) are scant or unavailable.

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