Carmichael et al. 2002

Carmichael, G.R., D.G. Streets, G. Calori, M. Amann, M.Z. Jacobson, J. Hansen, and H. Ueda, 2002: Changing trends in sulfur emissions in Asia: Implications for acid deposition. Environ. Sci. Tech, 36, 4707-4713, doi:10.1021/es011509c.

In the early 1990s, it was projected that annual SO₂ emissions in Asia might grow to 80-110 Tg/yr by 2002. Based on new high-resolution estimates from 1975 to 2000, we calculate that SO₂ emissions in Asia might grow only to 40-45 Tg/yr by 2020. The main reson for this lower estimate is a decline of SO₂ from 1995 to 2000 in China, which emits about two-thirds of Asian SO₂. The decline was due to a reduction in industrial coal use, a slow-down of the Chinese economy, and the closure of small and inefficient plants, among other reasons. One effect of the reduction in SO₂ emissions in China has been a reduction in acid deposition not only in China but also in Japan. Reductions should also improve visibility and reduce health problems. SO₂ emission reductions may increase global warming, but this warming effect could only be partially offset by reductions in the emissions of black carbon. How SO₂ emissions in the regeion change in the coming decades will depend on many competing factors (economic growth, pollution control laws, etc.). However a continuation of current trends would result in sulfur emissions lower than any IPCC forecasts.

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Carmichael, G.R., Streets, D.G., Calori, G., Amann, M., Jacobson, M.Z., Hansen, J., and Ueda, H.: Changing trends in sulfur emissions in Asia: Implications for acid deposition, Environ. Sci. Tech, 36, 4707-4713, doi:10.1021/es011509c, 2002.

Carmichael, G.R., D.G. Streets, G. Calori, M. Amann, M.Z. Jacobson, J. Hansen, and H. Ueda (2002), Changing trends in sulfur emissions in Asia: Implications for acid deposition, Environ. Sci. Tech, 36, 4707-4713, doi:10.1021/es011509c.

Carmichael, G.R., D.G. Streets, G. Calori, M. Amann, M.Z. Jacobson, J. Hansen, and H. Ueda, 2002: Changing trends in sulfur emissions in Asia: Implications for acid deposition. Environ. Sci. Tech, 36, 4707-4713, doi:10.1021/es011509c.

Carmichael, G.R., Streets, D.G., Calori, G., Amann, M., Jacobson, M.Z., Hansen, J., & Ueda, H. 2002, Environ. Sci. Tech, 36, 4707, doi:10.1021/es011509c.

Carmichael GR, Streets DG, Calori G, Amann M, Jacobson MZ, Hansen J, Ueda H. Changing trends in sulfur emissions in Asia: Implications for acid deposition, Environ Sci Tech 2002;36:4707-4713. doi:10.1021/es011509c.

G.R. Carmichael, D.G. Streets, G. Calori, M. Amann, M.Z. Jacobson, J. Hansen, H. Ueda, Environ. Sci. Tech 36, 4707-4713, doi:10.1021/es011509c (2002).