Ackerman et al. 2000
Ackerman, A.S., O.B. Toon, D.E. Stevens, A.J. Heymsfield, V. Ramanathan, and E.J. Welton, 2000: Reduction of tropical cloudiness by soot. Science, 288, 1042-1047, doi:10.1126/science.288.5468.1042.
Measurements and models show that enhanced aerosol concentrations can augment cloud albedo not only by increasing total droplet cross-sectional area, but also by reducing precipitation and thereby increasing cloud water content and cloud coverage. Aerosol pollution is expected to exert a net cooling influence on the global climate through these conventional mechanisms. Here, we demonstrate an opposite mechanism through which aerosols can reduce cloud cover and thus significantly offset aerosol-induced radiative cooling at the top of the atmosphere on a regional scale. In model simulations, the daytime clearing of trade cumulus is hastened and intensified by solar heating in dark haze (as found over much of the northern Indian Ocean during the northeast monsoon).
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Ackerman, A.S., Toon, O.B., Stevens, D.E., Heymsfield, A.J., Ramanathan, V., and Welton, E.J.: Reduction of tropical cloudiness by soot, Science, 288, 1042-1047, doi:10.1126/science.288.5468.1042, 2000.
Ackerman, A.S., O.B. Toon, D.E. Stevens, A.J. Heymsfield, V. Ramanathan, and E.J. Welton (2000), Reduction of tropical cloudiness by soot, Science, 288, 1042-1047, doi:10.1126/science.288.5468.1042.
Ackerman, A.S., O.B. Toon, D.E. Stevens, A.J. Heymsfield, V. Ramanathan, and E.J. Welton, 2000: Reduction of tropical cloudiness by soot. Science, 288, 1042-1047, doi:10.1126/science.288.5468.1042.
Ackerman, A.S., Toon, O.B., Stevens, D.E., Heymsfield, A.J., Ramanathan, V., & Welton, E.J. 2000, Science, 288, 1042, doi:10.1126/science.288.5468.1042.
Ackerman AS, Toon OB, Stevens DE, Heymsfield AJ, Ramanathan V, Welton EJ. Reduction of tropical cloudiness by soot, Science 2000;288:1042-1047. doi:10.1126/science.288.5468.1042.
A.S. Ackerman, O.B. Toon, D.E. Stevens, A.J. Heymsfield, V. Ramanathan, E.J. Welton, Science 288, 1042-1047, doi:10.1126/science.288.5468.1042 (2000).
