Chapin and Matthews 1993
Chapin, F.S., III, and E. Matthews, 1993: Boreal carbon pools: Approaches and constraints in global extrapolations. In Carbon Cycling in Boreal Forest and Sub-arctic Ecosystems, EPA/600R-93/084. T.S. Vinson and T.P. Kolchugina, Eds. Environmental Protection Agency, pp. 9-20.
Northern ecosystems may play a key role in future climate change because of their potential to feed back to the global climate. General circulation models predict that the currently rising concentrations of greenhouse gases such as CO2 and CH4 are likely to cause greatest warming at high latitudes (Maxwell, 1992). The peats of northern ecosystems comprise 20-30% of the world's soil carbon (Post et al., 1982, 1985, Billings, 1987). These peats accumulate because low temperatures limit decomposition rate through direct temperature effects and indirect effects of reduced drainage and aeration mediated by the presense of permafrost (Chapin, 1983). The projected warming of northern climates could cause northern soils to be a najor source of atmospheric CO2, if decomposition is stimulated more strongly than primary production by warmer temperature, melting of permafrost, and improved drainage. Moreover, the boreal zone is currently a major source of methane, a potent greenhouse gas (Whalen and Reeburgh, 1990).
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Chapin, F.S., III, and Matthews, E.: Boreal carbon pools: Approaches and constraints in global extrapolations, in: Carbon Cycling in Boreal Forest and Sub-arctic Ecosystems, EPA/600R-93/084, edited by Vinson, T.S., and Kolchugina, T.P., 9-20, Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., 1993.
Chapin, F.S., III, and E. Matthews (1993), Boreal carbon pools: Approaches and constraints in global extrapolations, in Carbon Cycling in Boreal Forest and Sub-arctic Ecosystems, EPA/600R-93/084, edited by T.S. Vinson and T.P. Kolchugina, pp. 9-20, Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C.
Chapin, F.S., III, and E. Matthews, 1993: Boreal carbon pools: Approaches and constraints in global extrapolations. In Carbon Cycling in Boreal Forest and Sub-arctic Ecosystems, EPA/600R-93/084. T.S. Vinson and T.P. Kolchugina, Eds. Environmental Protection Agency, pp. 9-20.
Chapin, F.S., III, & Matthews, E. 1993, in Carbon Cycling in Boreal Forest and Sub-arctic Ecosystems, EPA/600R-93/084, ed. Vinson, T.S., & Kolchugina, T.P., 9 (Washington, D.C.: Environmental Protection Agency).
Chapin FS III, Matthews E. Boreal carbon pools: Approaches and constraints in global extrapolations. In: Vinson TS, Kolchugina TP, editors. Carbon Cycling in Boreal Forest and Sub-arctic Ecosystems, EPA/600R-93/084, pp. 9-20. Washington, D.C.: Environmental Protection Agency; 1993.
F.S. Chapin, III, E. Matthews, In Carbon Cycling in Boreal Forest and Sub-arctic Ecosystems, T.S. Vinson, T.P. Kolchugina, Eds. (EPA/600R-93/084, Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., 1993), pp. 9-20.
