Ackerman et al. 1993
Ackerman, A.S., O.B. Toon, and P.V. Hobbs, 1993: Dissipation of marine stratiform clouds and collapse of the marine boundary layer due to the depletion of cloud condensation nuclei by clouds. Science, 262, 226-229, doi:10.1126/science.262.5131.226.
When the production of cloud condensation nuclei in the stratocumulus-topped marine boundary layer is low enough, droplet collisions can reduce concentrations of cloud droplet numbers to extremely low values. At low droplet concentrations a cloud layer can become so optically thin that cloud-top radiative cooling cannot drive vertical mixing. Under these conditions, model simulations indicate that the stratocumulus-topped marine boundary layer collapses to a shallow fog layer. Through this mechanism, marine stratiform clouds may limit their own lifetimes.
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Ackerman, A.S., Toon, O.B., and Hobbs, P.V.: Dissipation of marine stratiform clouds and collapse of the marine boundary layer due to the depletion of cloud condensation nuclei by clouds, Science, 262, 226-229, doi:10.1126/science.262.5131.226, 1993.
Ackerman, A.S., O.B. Toon, and P.V. Hobbs (1993), Dissipation of marine stratiform clouds and collapse of the marine boundary layer due to the depletion of cloud condensation nuclei by clouds, Science, 262, 226-229, doi:10.1126/science.262.5131.226.
Ackerman, A.S., O.B. Toon, and P.V. Hobbs, 1993: Dissipation of marine stratiform clouds and collapse of the marine boundary layer due to the depletion of cloud condensation nuclei by clouds. Science, 262, 226-229, doi:10.1126/science.262.5131.226.
Ackerman, A.S., Toon, O.B., & Hobbs, P.V. 1993, Science, 262, 226, doi:10.1126/science.262.5131.226.
Ackerman AS, Toon OB, Hobbs PV. Dissipation of marine stratiform clouds and collapse of the marine boundary layer due to the depletion of cloud condensation nuclei by clouds, Science 1993;262:226-229. doi:10.1126/science.262.5131.226.
A.S. Ackerman, O.B. Toon, P.V. Hobbs, Science 262, 226-229, doi:10.1126/science.262.5131.226 (1993).
