Yin and Fung 1991

Yin, F.L., and I.Y. Fung, 1991: Net diffusivity in ocean general circulation models with nonuniform grids. J. Geophys. Res., 96, 10773-10776, doi:10.1029/91JC00883.

The numerical vertical diffusivity K_num, embedded in a numerical ocean general circulation model with nonuniform vertical grid, is estimated. It is shown that in a downwelling region, K_num is negative for a grid with grid size increasing with depth. When the grid size increment, or the downward vertical velocity, is large, K_num may exceed the vertical diffusivity specified and may result in a negative effective vertical diffusivity. Therefore care needs to be taken to specify the vertical diffusivity in a numerical model with nonuniform grid, and a lower bound is generally imposed in order to avoid an unphysical negative value. Some possible effects of the negative effective diffusivity are discussed.

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Yin, F.L., and Fung, I.Y.: Net diffusivity in ocean general circulation models with nonuniform grids, J. Geophys. Res., 96, 10773-10776, doi:10.1029/91JC00883, 1991.

Yin, F.L., and I.Y. Fung (1991), Net diffusivity in ocean general circulation models with nonuniform grids, J. Geophys. Res., 96, 10773-10776, doi:10.1029/91JC00883.

Yin, F.L., and I.Y. Fung, 1991: Net diffusivity in ocean general circulation models with nonuniform grids. J. Geophys. Res., 96, 10773-10776, doi:10.1029/91JC00883.

Yin, F.L., & Fung, I.Y. 1991, J. Geophys. Res., 96, 10773, doi:10.1029/91JC00883.

Yin FL, Fung IY. Net diffusivity in ocean general circulation models with nonuniform grids, J Geophys Res 1991;96:10773-10776. doi:10.1029/91JC00883.

F.L. Yin, I.Y. Fung, J. Geophys. Res. 96, 10773-10776, doi:10.1029/91JC00883 (1991).