Prather et al. 1990
Prather, M.J., M.M. Garcia, A.R. Douglass, C.H. Jackman, M.K.W. Ko, and N.D. Sze, 1990: The space shuttle's impact on the stratosphere. J. Geophys. Res., 95, 18583-18590, doi:10.1029/90JD01452.
Launch of spacecraft using solid rocket motors leads to release of gaseous and particulate matter in the stratosphere. Concern over these emissions, particularly chlorine, goes back to the Climatic Impact Assessment Program (Hoshizaki, 1975). The buildup of these exhaust products and their perturbation to startospheric ozone is followed with two- and three-dimensional atmospheric chemical transport models. Chlorine enhancements due to the current rate of shuttle launches is small, on average less than 0.6% above the current background. Other gases emitted from the solid rockets appear to have even smaller global effects, although the impact of partiuclate alumina remains uncertain.
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Prather, M.J., Garcia, M.M., Douglass, A.R., Jackman, C.H., Ko, M.K.W., and Sze, N.D.: The space shuttle's impact on the stratosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 95, 18583-18590, doi:10.1029/90JD01452, 1990.
Prather, M.J., M.M. Garcia, A.R. Douglass, C.H. Jackman, M.K.W. Ko, and N.D. Sze (1990), The space shuttle's impact on the stratosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 95, 18583-18590, doi:10.1029/90JD01452.
Prather, M.J., M.M. Garcia, A.R. Douglass, C.H. Jackman, M.K.W. Ko, and N.D. Sze, 1990: The space shuttle's impact on the stratosphere. J. Geophys. Res., 95, 18583-18590, doi:10.1029/90JD01452.
Prather, M.J., Garcia, M.M., Douglass, A.R., Jackman, C.H., Ko, M.K.W., & Sze, N.D. 1990, J. Geophys. Res., 95, 18583, doi:10.1029/90JD01452.
Prather MJ, Garcia MM, Douglass AR, Jackman CH, Ko MKW, Sze ND. The space shuttle's impact on the stratosphere, J Geophys Res 1990;95:18583-18590. doi:10.1029/90JD01452.
M.J. Prather, M.M. Garcia, A.R. Douglass, C.H. Jackman, M.K.W. Ko, N.D. Sze, J. Geophys. Res. 95, 18583-18590, doi:10.1029/90JD01452 (1990).
