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Druyan, L.M., J.R. Miller, and G.L. Russell, 1983: Atmospheric general circulation model simulations with an interactive ocean: Effects of sea surface temperature anomalies in the Arabian Sea. Atmos.-Ocean, 21, 94-106.
Three different simulations using an atmospheric general circuation model (GCM) with a 65-m deep interactive ocean have been analysed for a 4-month period (April-July) in the Arabian Sea area. Although the ocean model contains no dynamics, it accounts indirectly for the transport of heat due to dynamic processes such as upwelling and horizontal advection. The first simulation does not include heat transport, and the SST increases too much during the 4-month period. The second simulation includes oceanic heat transport, and the final SST field is within a few percent of the climatological SST field. The ocean transports are obtained by assuming that they are the differences between the vertical heat fluxes across the air-sea interface as calculated from the GCM and the change in heat content of a 65-m deep interactive ocean. The third simulation incoporates an initial negative SST anomaly into the ocean model with transport and analyses the effect of this anomaly on the ocean and the atmosphere. The effects on the ocean arise because of feedback from the atmosphere. In the ocean, the northern part of the SST anomaly propagates from the western boundary downwind acoss the Arabian Sea while the southern part of the anomaly disappears. This occurs primarily because of changes in the latent heat fluxes. In the atmosphere, an increase in percipitation to the east of the initial anomaly propagates ahead of the propagating SST anomaly until it eventually appears over India in July.
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