Tomasko et al. 1977
Tomasko, M.G., R. Boesse, A.P. Ingersoll, A.A. Lacis, S.S. Limaye, J.B. Pollack, A. Seiff, A.I. Stewart, V.E. Suomi, and F.W. Taylor, 1977: The thermal balance of the atmosphere of Venus. Space Sci. Rev., 20, 389-412, doi:10.1007/BF02186460.
Current knowledge of the temperature structure of the atmosphere of Venus is briefly summarized. The principal features to be explained are the high surface temperature, the small horizontal temperature contrasts near the cloud tops in the presence of strong apparent motions, and the low value of the exospheric temperature. In order to understand the role of radiative and dynamical processes in maintaining the thermal balance of the atmosphere, a great deal of additional data on the global temperature structure, solar and thermal radiation fields, structure and optical properties of the clouds, and circulation of the atmosphere are needed. The ability of the Pioneer Venus Orbiter and Multiprobe Missions to provide these data is indicated.
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Tomasko, M.G., Boesse, R., Ingersoll, A.P., Lacis, A.A., Limaye, S.S., Pollack, J.B., Seiff, A., Stewart, A.I., Suomi, V.E., and Taylor, F.W.: The thermal balance of the atmosphere of Venus, Space Sci. Rev., 20, 389-412, doi:10.1007/BF02186460, 1977.
Tomasko, M.G., R. Boesse, A.P. Ingersoll, A.A. Lacis, S.S. Limaye, J.B. Pollack, A. Seiff, A.I. Stewart, V.E. Suomi, and F.W. Taylor (1977), The thermal balance of the atmosphere of Venus, Space Sci. Rev., 20, 389-412, doi:10.1007/BF02186460.
Tomasko, M.G., R. Boesse, A.P. Ingersoll, A.A. Lacis, S.S. Limaye, J.B. Pollack, A. Seiff, A.I. Stewart, V.E. Suomi, and F.W. Taylor, 1977: The thermal balance of the atmosphere of Venus. Space Sci. Rev., 20, 389-412, doi:10.1007/BF02186460.
Tomasko, M.G., et al. 1977, Space Sci. Rev., 20, 389, doi:10.1007/BF02186460.
Tomasko MG, Boesse R, Ingersoll AP, Lacis AA, Limaye SS, Pollack JB, Seiff A, Stewart AI, Suomi VE, Taylor FW. The thermal balance of the atmosphere of Venus, Space Sci Rev 1977;20:389-412. doi:10.1007/BF02186460.
M.G. Tomasko, R. Boesse, A.P. Ingersoll, A.A. Lacis, S.S. Limaye, J.B. Pollack, A. Seiff, A.I. Stewart, V.E. Suomi, F.W. Taylor, Space Sci. Rev. 20, 389-412, doi:10.1007/BF02186460 (1977).
