Guelin et al. 1977

Guelin, M., W.D. Langer, R.L. Snell, and H.A. Wootten, 1977: Observations of DCO⁺: The electron abundance in dark clouds. Astrophys. J., 217, L165-L168, doi:10.1086/182562.

The J = 2-1 rotational line of DCO⁺ has been definitely detected in five molecular clouds, including three dark clouds, L63, L134, and L134 N, and marginally detected in four others. The DCO⁺ emission has been mapped in L134 N and extends over a region of 3'. The DCO⁺/HCO⁺ abundance ratio found at the centers of dark clouds is large and implies a fractional electron abundance of less than one hundred millionth. This low electron density sets constraints on the metals and possibly CO as well as on the hydrogen density.

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Guelin, M., Langer, W.D., Snell, R.L., and Wootten, H.A.: Observations of DCO⁺: The electron abundance in dark clouds, Astrophys. J., 217, L165-L168, doi:10.1086/182562, 1977.

Guelin, M., W.D. Langer, R.L. Snell, and H.A. Wootten (1977), Observations of DCO⁺: The electron abundance in dark clouds, Astrophys. J., 217, L165-L168, doi:10.1086/182562.

Guelin, M., W.D. Langer, R.L. Snell, and H.A. Wootten, 1977: Observations of DCO⁺: The electron abundance in dark clouds. Astrophys. J., 217, L165-L168, doi:10.1086/182562.

Guelin, M., Langer, W.D., Snell, R.L., & Wootten, H.A. 1977, Astrophys. J., 217, L165, doi:10.1086/182562.

Guelin M, Langer WD, Snell RL, Wootten HA. Observations of DCO⁺: The electron abundance in dark clouds, Astrophys J 1977;217:L165-L168. doi:10.1086/182562.

M. Guelin, W.D. Langer, R.L. Snell, H.A. Wootten, Astrophys. J. 217, L165-L168, doi:10.1086/182562 (1977).