Kutner 1972

Kutner, M.L., 1972: Interstellar Formaldehyde and Silicon Monoxide in Ultra-Dense Clouds. Ph.D. thesis. Columbia University.

The first part of this dissertation reports the discovery of the 140.8-GHz, 1₁₁-2₁₂ and 150.5-GHz 1₁-211 rotational transitions of ortho-formaldehyde and 146.6-GHz 1₀₁-202 transition of para-formaldehyde in the Orion Nebula. All lines were observed in emission. The 140.8GHz line was mapped over a region ~3'×5' in the direction of the Kleinmann-Low IR nebula. It is argued that the excitation is due to collisions with neutral particles, whose density is calculated to be ~2×10⁵ cm^-3, yielding a total mass of ~200 M_☉ for the Kleinmann-Low nebula which is argued to be the central condensation of this cloud. The 140.8-GHz line was also detected in the direction of Sgr A, W3 (OH), W51, DR21 (OH) and NGC 2024.

The detection of weak 6-cm H₂CO absorption over much of the Orion Nebula is also reported. Because the line shows no correlation with the 6-cm continuum, it is attributed to "anomalous" absorption by H₂CO behind the HII continuum source. In the direction of the Kleinmann-Low IR nebula the line appears self-reversed, with an emission core of about 0.1 K that is identified with the 2-mm H₂CO emission in that direction. It is suggested that the 6-cm emission is a consequence of collissional quenching of the "anomalous" pumping mechanism.

The last section of this dissertation reports the detection of lime emission attributed to 130.246-GHz, J = 3→2 rotational transition of silicon monoxide (SiO) in the direction of the Sgr B2. The line was sought but not found in a number of other sources.

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Kutner, M.L.: Interstellar Formaldehyde and Silicon Monoxide in Ultra-Dense Clouds, Ph.D. thesis, Columbia University, New York, N.Y., 1972.

Kutner, M.L. (1972), Interstellar Formaldehyde and Silicon Monoxide in Ultra-Dense Clouds, Ph.D. thesis, Columbia University, New York, N.Y.

Kutner, M.L., 1972: Interstellar Formaldehyde and Silicon Monoxide in Ultra-Dense Clouds. Ph.D. thesis. Columbia University.

Kutner, M.L. 1972, Interstellar Formaldehyde and Silicon Monoxide in Ultra-Dense Clouds, Ph.D. thesis ( (New York, N.Y.: Columbia University).

Kutner ML. Interstellar Formaldehyde and Silicon Monoxide in Ultra-Dense Clouds. Ph.D. thesis. New York, N.Y.: Columbia University; 1972.

M.L. Kutner, Interstellar Formaldehyde and Silicon Monoxide in Ultra-Dense Clouds (Ph.D. thesis, Columbia University, New York, N.Y., 1972).