Contopoulos and Bozis 1964

Contopoulos, G., and G. Bozis, 1964: Escape of stars during the collision of two galaxies. Astrophys. J., 139, 1239-1250, doi:10.1086/147862.

An approximate theory is developed to find out whether a star, moving initially on the plane of symmetry of a galaxy, escapes during the collision with another galaxy of small dimensions. The escaping stars are inside an ellipse on the plane of symmetry of the galaxy. Numerical calculations in a Bottlinger model of a galaxy give results of the same order of magnitude. The total amount of the escaping matter is only a few per cent of the total mass of the galaxy, if the collision velocity is of the order of 2000 km/sec. The behavior of the escaping and non-escaping stars is described. The escaping stars do not follow the colliding galaxy and do not form a bridge or link between the two galaxies.

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Contopoulos, G., and Bozis, G.: Escape of stars during the collision of two galaxies, Astrophys. J., 139, 1239-1250, doi:10.1086/147862, 1964.

Contopoulos, G., and G. Bozis (1964), Escape of stars during the collision of two galaxies, Astrophys. J., 139, 1239-1250, doi:10.1086/147862.

Contopoulos, G., and G. Bozis, 1964: Escape of stars during the collision of two galaxies. Astrophys. J., 139, 1239-1250, doi:10.1086/147862.

Contopoulos, G., & Bozis, G. 1964, Astrophys. J., 139, 1239, doi:10.1086/147862.

Contopoulos G, Bozis G. Escape of stars during the collision of two galaxies, Astrophys J 1964;139:1239-1250. doi:10.1086/147862.

G. Contopoulos, G. Bozis, Astrophys. J. 139, 1239-1250, doi:10.1086/147862 (1964).